The Endoscopy Department of JSC National Scientific Medical Center is a multidisciplinary department where diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy procedures are performed for pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, thoracic and abdominal cavities. Every year, 2,150 — 2,500 endoscopic manipulations are performed in the department.
Currently, it is one of the largest endoscopic departments in Astana, equipped with the most modern equipment, which employs highly qualified specialists. The endoscopic department includes a complex of endoscopic equipment from PENTAX, OLYMPUS and X-ray equipment from PHILIPS, which allows conducting a range of endoscopic examinations in gastroenterology, bronchopulmonology, abdominal surgery, proctology in accordance with international standards and documenting the results on video and digital media. Comfortable conditions for patients have been created here. Each patient is consulted by an endoscopist.
All studies can be supplemented by biopsy, chromoscopy, and research on Helicobacter pylory. Immunocytochemical and immunohistochemical studies of tissues are also performed, which are more informative and accurate methods of diagnosing benign and malignant tumors than conventional histology.
In addition to diagnostic procedures, the department performs the entire list of emergency and planned endoscopic operations from polypectomy to endoscopic operations on the bile and pancreatic ducts. Minimally invasive operations can significantly reduce the duration of hospitalization and minimize the rehabilitation period, compared with traditional operations.
Diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy is performed in the Endoscopy department of JSC NNMC:
- Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
- Colonoscopy
- Bronchoscopy
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (abbreviated gastroscopy or EGDS) is performed for a detailed examination of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum in case of suspected tumors or bleeding from these organs, peptic ulcer of the stomach and / or duodenum, gastritis, duodenitis, esophagitis. Gastroscopy is also prescribed as an additional examination to clarify the diagnosis of other diseases (allergies, neurosis).
Indications for gastroscopy are any abdominal pain, dyspeptic disorders, heartburn, weight loss, nausea and vomiting, swallowing disorders or pain when swallowing, anemia.
Gastroscopy can also be accompanied by a number of therapeutic manipulations: removal of polyps and some tumors of the digestive tract, extraction of foreign bodies, stopping gastrointestinal bleeding, expansion of constrictions (strictures) of the digestive tract. These jewelry interventions make it possible to avoid large operations on the abdominal organs.
Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy is performed for the purpose of visualization and detailed examination of the mucous membrane of the colon, including the rectum, sigmoid, colon and blind and terminal ileum in case of suspected tumors or bleeding from these organs, colitis, nonspecific inflammatory diseases (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), diverticula of the colon, as well as as an additional examinations to clarify the diagnosis of other diseases (allergies, neurosis).
Indications for colonoscopy are any abdominal pain, dyspeptic disorders, weight loss, nausea and vomiting, anemia. According to international standards, it is considered that the age over 40 is also an indication for performing a colonoscopy.
In addition to diagnostic manipulations, polyps and some other tumors of the digestive tract are successfully removed through a colonoscope, foreign bodies are removed, intestinal bleeding is stopped, and constrictions (strictures) of the digestive tract expand. These jewelry interventions make it possible to avoid large operations on the abdominal organs.
Bronchoscopy
Bronchoscopy is performed for the purpose of a detailed examination of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract in case of suspected tumors or bleeding from these organs, bronchitis, nonspecific inflammatory lung diseases, tuberculosis, bronchial asthma. Bronchoscopy is also performed when foreign bodies enter the respiratory tract, as an additional examination to clarify the diagnosis of other diseases (allergies, neurosis).
Indications for bronchoscopy are chest pain, sputum separation, especially with an admixture of pus or blood, breathing difficulties, chronic cough, weight loss, anemia.
During bronchoscopy, the following therapeutic manipulations are also possible: biopsy of the mucous membrane of the trachea and bronchi, flushes from various parts of the lungs for cytological or microbiological (presence of pathogenic bacteria) studies, seeding to determine the sensitivity of microflora to antibiotics, removal of polyps and some tumors of the trachea and bronchi, extraction of foreign bodies, stopping pulmonary bleeding, dilation of constrictions (strictures). These jewelry interventions make it possible to avoid large operations on the organs of the thoracic cavity.
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is performed to study the condition of the bile ducts and pancreatic ducts. It is a combination of endoscopy and X-ray examination after the introduction of a contrast agent into the bile and pancreatic ducts. In addition to obtaining images of the biliary tract and pancreas, ERCP allows you to examine the upper gastrointestinal tract and periampular area, as well as perform a biopsy or perform surgery.
Indications for ERCP are pain in the abdomen, right hypochondrium, epigastric region, chronic diseases of the bile and pancreatic ducts, suspicion of concretions in the bile and pancreatic ducts, pancreatic diseases, mechanical jaundice of unknown origin, suspicion of a tumor of the pancreatoduodenal zone, etc.
Depending on the results obtained, some manipulations may be performed right at the time of the examination: endoscopic dilation of pathologically narrowed bile ducts (stenting), stone removal, sphincterotomy, etc.
THE MAIN AREAS OF ACTIVITY
Diagnostic endoscopic examinations
The following diagnostic endoscopic examinations have been implemented in the endoscopy department of the medical center and are being performed as planned:
- esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS),
- colonoscopy,
- bronchoscopy,
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Therapeutic endoscopic surgical procedures and manipulations
They are performed under local anesthesia, moderate or deep sedation, or under endotracheal anesthesia.
- electrocoagulation of the source of bleeding of the stomach and duodenum, respiratory tract;
- removal of foreign bodies from the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, respiratory tract;
- biopsy of the gastric mucosa, duodenum, and respiratory tract with referral of the material for cytological and histological examination;
- endoscopic removal of gastrointestinal polyps;
- bronchoscopic lavage (washing) of bronchi (in stationary conditions);
- endoscopic dilation of the bile duct (biliary hypertension);
- endoscopic virsungotomy, EVT (dissection of the sphincter apparatus of the pancreatic duct) is an independent or one of the stages of decompression of the pancreatic duct;
- endoscopic papillotomy (papillosphincterotomy) EPST is an independent or one of the stages of decompression of the biliary tract;
- stenting of the bile ducts;
- endoscopic lithotripsy and lithoextraction — crushing and removal of stones (concretions) from the bile ducts.
